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GuGu ConvolutionTime Limit: 5000/2500 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 1038 Accepted Submission(s): 272 Problem Description As a newbie, XianYu is now learning generating function! Given a series $\{a\}=(a_0,a_1,a_2,\cdots)$, we can easily define its exponential generating function as $g_{\{a\}}(x) = \sum\limits_{i=0}^{\infty}\dfrac{a_i}{i!}x^i$. Now we define a series $\{u_c\}=(c^0,c^1,c^2,\cdots)$ and let $e_c$ represents the ${u_c}$ with $0$ filled in all its even items. Formally, ${\{e_c\}}=(0,c^1,0,c^3,0,c^5,\cdots)$. 'Do you know convolution?' 'GU GU.' GuGu utters. 'Well, let me show you. Given two generating function $g_{\{a\}}$ and $g_{\{b\}}$, the convolution can be represented as $G(x)=(g_{\{a\}}*g_{\{b\}})(x)=\sum\limits_{n=0}^{\infty}(\sum\limits_{i+j=n}a_ib_j)x^n$. It is quite easy, right?' 'GU GU.' GuGu utters. 'Ok. Now you have to find the coefficient of $x^n$ of the convolution $G(x)=(g_{\{u_A\}}*g_{\{e_\sqrt{B}\}})$, given $n$, $A$ and $B$. Let $G_n$ representes that coefficient, you should tell me $n!G_n$. You may know the severity of unsolving this problem.' As GuGu is not that kind of good for it, it turns to you for help. 'GU GU!' GuGu thanks. Hint First Sample: $1!(\dfrac{1^0}{0!}\dfrac{\sqrt{1}^1}{1!} + \dfrac{1^1}{1!}\dfrac{0}{0!}) = 1 \sqrt{1}$ Second Sample: $2!(\dfrac{523^0}{0!}\dfrac{0}{2!} + \dfrac{523^1}{1!}\dfrac{\sqrt{12}^1}{1!} + \dfrac{523^2}{2!}\dfrac{0}{0!}) = 2092 \sqrt{3}$ P.S.: $1046\sqrt{12}$ is equal to the answer. However, $12$ has a factor $4=2^2$ so it can't be output directly. Input There is an integer $T$ in the first line, representing the number of cases. Then followed $T$ lines, and each line contains four integers $A,B,n,p$. The meaning of $A,B,n$ is described above, and that of $p$ will be described in Output session. $1\leq T \leq 10^5$ $1\leq A,B \leq 10^6$ $1\leq n \leq 10^{18}$ $1\leq p \leq 10^{9}$ Output Let $\sum\limits_{i=1}^{q} a_i\sqrt{b_i}$ represents the answer, with $b_i \neq b_j, \gcd(b_i,b_j)=1, 1\leq i< j\leq q$, and none of $b_i$'s factors is square number. Print $T$ lines only. Each line comes with a number $q$ and followed $q$ pairs of integers $a_i$ $b_i$, with $b_i$ in increasing order. Since $a_i$ may be large, please print $a_i\%p$ instead. All integers in the same line should be seperated by exactly one space. You may find that each answer is unique. Sample Input
Sample Output
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